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request-validation

描述#

request-validation 插件会在将请求转发到上游服务之前对其进行验证。此插件使用 JSON Schema 进行验证,并且可以验证请求的标头和正文。

请参阅 JSON Schema 规范 了解有关语法的更多信息。

属性#

名称类型必选项默认值有效值描述
header_schemaobjectheader 数据的 schema 数据结构。
body_schemaobjectbody 数据的 schema 数据结构。
rejected_codeinteger400[200,...,599]当请求被拒绝时要返回的状态码。
rejected_msgstring当请求被拒绝时返回的信息。
note

header_schemabody_schema 属性至少需要配置其一。

示例#

以下示例演示了如何针对不同场景配置 request-validation

note

您可以这样从 config.yaml 中获取 admin_key 并存入环境变量:

admin_key=$(yq '.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key' conf/config.yaml | sed 's/"//g')

验证请求标头#

下面的示例演示如何根据定义的 JSON Schema 验证请求标头,该模式需要两个特定的标头和标头值符合指定的要求。

使用 request-validation 插件创建路由,如下所示:

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "request-validation-route",
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"request-validation": {
"header_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["User-Agent", "Host"],
"properties": {
"User-Agent": {
"type": "string",
"pattern": "^curl\/"
},
"Host": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["httpbin.org", "httpbin"]
}
}
}
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'

使用符合架构的请求进行验证#

发送带有标头 Host: httpbin 的请求,该请求符合架构:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get" -H "Host: httpbin"

您应该收到类似于以下内容的 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 响应:

{
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Host": "httpbin",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.74.0",
"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-6509ae35-63d1e0fd3934e3f221a95dd8",
"X-Forwarded-Host": "httpbin"
},
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 183.17.233.107",
"url": "http://httpbin/get"
}

验证请求是否符合架构#

发送不带任何标头的请求:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"

您应该收到 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request 响应,表明请求未能通过验证:

property "Host" validation failed: matches none of the enum value

发送具有所需标头但标头值不符合的请求:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get" -H "Host: httpbin" -H "User-Agent: cli-mock"

您应该收到一个 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request 响应,显示 User-Agent 标头值与预期模式不匹配:

property "User-Agent" validation failed: failed to match pattern "^curl/" with "cli-mock"

自定义拒绝消息和状态代码#

以下示例演示了如何在验证失败时自定义响应状态和消息。

使用 request-validation 配置路由,如下所示:

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "request-validation-route",
"uri": "/get",
"plugins": {
"request-validation": {
"header_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["Host"],
"properties": {
"Host": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["httpbin.org", "httpbin"]
}
}
},
"rejected_code": 403,
"rejected_msg": "Request header validation failed."
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'

发送一个在标头中配置错误的 Host 的请求:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get" -H "Host: httpbin2"

您应该收到带有自定义消息的 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden 响应:

Request header validation failed.

验证请求主体#

以下示例演示如何根据定义的 JSON Schema 验证请求主体。

request-validation 插件支持两种媒体类型的验证:

  • application/json
  • application/x-www-form-urlencoded

验证 JSON 请求主体#

使用 request-validation 插件创建路由,如下所示:

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "request-validation-route",
"uri": "/post",
"plugins": {
"request-validation": {
"header_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["Content-Type"],
"properties": {
"Content-Type": {
"type": "string",
"pattern": "^application\/json$"
}
}
},
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["required_payload"],
"properties": {
"required_payload": {"type": "string"},
"boolean_payload": {"type": "boolean"},
"array_payload": {
"type": "array",
"minItems": 1,
"items": {
"type": "integer",
"minimum": 200,
"maximum": 599
},
"uniqueItems": true,
"default": [200]
}
}
}
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'

发送符合架构的 JSON Schema 的请求以验证:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/post" -X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"required_payload":"hello", "array_payload":[301]}'

您应该收到类似于以下内容的 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 响应:

{
"args": {},
"data": "{\"array_payload\":[301],\"required_payload\":\"hello\"}",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
...
},
"json": {
"array_payload": [
301
],
"required_payload": "hello"
},
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 183.17.233.107",
"url": "http://127.0.0.1/post"
}

如果你发送请求时没有指定 Content-Type:application/json

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/post" -X POST \
-d '{"required_payload":"hello,world"}'

您应该收到类似于以下内容的 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request 响应:

property "Content-Type" validation failed: failed to match pattern "^application/json$" with "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"

如果你发送的请求没有必需的 JSON 字段 required_pa​​yload

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/post" -X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{}'

您应该收到 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request 响应:

property "required_payload" is required

验证 URL 编码的表单主体#

使用 request-validation 插件创建路由,如下所示:

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
-H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
-d '{
"id": "request-validation-route",
"uri": "/post",
"plugins": {
"request-validation": {
"header_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["Content-Type"],
"properties": {
"Content-Type": {
"type": "string",
"pattern": "^application\/x-www-form-urlencoded$"
}
}
},
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["required_payload","enum_payload"],
"properties": {
"required_payload": {"type": "string"},
"enum_payload": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["enum_string_1", "enum_string_2"],
"default": "enum_string_1"
}
}
}
}
},
"upstream": {
"type": "roundrobin",
"nodes": {
"httpbin.org:80": 1
}
}
}'

发送带有 URL 编码的表单数据的请求来验证:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/post" -X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-d "required_payload=hello&enum_payload=enum_string_1"

您应该收到类似于以下内容的 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request 响应:

{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"enum_payload": "enum_string_1",
"required_payload": "hello"
},
"headers": {
...
},
"json": null,
"origin": "127.0.0.1, 183.17.233.107",
"url": "http://127.0.0.1/post"
}

发送不带 URL 编码字段 enum_payload 的请求:

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/post" -X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-d "required_payload=hello"

您应该收到以下 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request

property "enum_payload" is required

附录:JSON 模式#

以下部分提供了样板 JSON 模式,供您调整、组合和使用此插件。有关完整参考,请参阅 JSON 模式规范

枚举值#

{
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["enum_payload"],
"properties": {
"enum_payload": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["enum_string_1", "enum_string_2"],
"default": "enum_string_1"
}
}
}
}

布尔值#

{
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["bool_payload"],
"properties": {
"bool_payload": {
"type": "boolean",
"default": true
}
}
}
}

数值#

{
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["integer_payload"],
"properties": {
"integer_payload": {
"type": "integer",
"minimum": 1,
"maximum": 65535
}
}
}
}

字符串#

{
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["string_payload"],
"properties": {
"string_payload": {
"type": "string",
"minLength": 1,
"maxLength": 32
}
}
}
}

字符串的正则表达式#

{
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["regex_payload"],
"properties": {
"regex_payload": {
"type": "string",
"minLength": 1,
"maxLength": 32,
"pattern": "[[^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$]]"
}
}
}
}

数组#

{
"body_schema": {
"type": "object",
"required": ["array_payload"],
"properties": {
"array_payload": {
"type": "array",
"minItems": 1,
"items": {
"type": "integer",
"minimum": 200,
"maximum": 599
},
"uniqueItems": true,
"default": [200, 302]
}
}
}
}